婀栧崡鐭╅樀鐢靛瓙绉戞妧鏈夐檺鍏徃-k8凯发平台

浼楁墍鍛ㄧ煡锛孏ps瀹规槗鍙楀埌鍚勭被骞叉壈鍜屾楠楃殑褰卞搷锛屼笖鍦ㄤ竴浜涙湁閬尅鐨勫尯鍩燂紝浼氬彂鐢熸敹涓嶅埌gps淇″彿鎴栦俊鍙疯緝寮辩殑鐜拌薄锛岃繖瀵艰嚧gps闅句互婊¤冻鐜颁唬澶嶆潅鎴樺満缃戠粶鐢电寮哄鎶楃幆澧冪殑搴旂敤闇€姹傘€傞拡瀵筆nt绯荤粺鐨勬敾闃诧紝1997骞寸編鍐涙浘鎻愬嚭瀵艰埅鎴樼殑姒傚康锛?017骞寸編绌哄啗鍙堟彁鍑轰簡鎺堟椂鎴樼殑姒傚康銆傛澶栵紝鐢靛瓙鎴?鍚嚜閫傚簲鐢靛瓙鎴樸€佽鐭ョ數瀛愭垬)銆佷俊鎭垬銆佺綉缁滄垬绛夋蹇典篃鏇惧簲鐢ㄤ簬 pnt 绯荤粺鐨勬敾闃层€?/span>

缇庡浗鍥介槻楂樼骇鐮旂┒璁″垝灞€(defense advanced research projects agency锛孌arpa)鍦≒nt棰嗗煙鏇炬敮鎸佽繃寰畾浣嶅鑸笌鎺堟椂(micro-pnt)銆佸鎶楃幆澧冧笅鐨勭┖闂存椂闂村拰鏂瑰悜淇℃伅 (spatial锛孴emporal锛宎nd orientation informationin contested environments锛孲toic)銆侀€傚簲鎬у鑸郴缁?(adaptable navigationsystems锛孉ns)銆佹繁娴峰畾浣嶅鑸郴缁?positioning system for deep ocean navigation锛孭osydon)銆佽秴蹇縺鍏夌瀛︿笌宸ョ▼ (programin ultrafast laser scienceand engineering锛孭ulse)銆侀噺瀛愯緟鍔╀紶鎰熶笌璇诲彇 (quantum-assisted sensing and readout锛孮uasar)绛夌浉鍏抽」鐩€傚湪姝ゅ熀纭€涓婏紝缇庡浗闄嗗啗涓€鐩村湪鐮斿彂鍙潬 pnt(a-pnt)鎶€鏈紝浠ユ弧瓒?gps 鎷掓鐜涓嬮珮澶嶆潅鎬у姩鎬佸彉鍖栫殑鐜瑕佹眰銆?/span>

2015骞村垵锛岀編鍥介檰鍐涗笓闂ㄧ粍寤轰簡pnt椤圭洰鍔炲叕瀹わ紝浠ユ帹鍔ㄤ粠浼犵粺 gps 鑳藉姏鍚慉-pnt鑳藉姏鐨勫揩閫熻浆鍨嬨€?/span>

缇庡浗闄嗗啗a-pnt椤圭洰鍖呭惈4涓瓙椤圭洰:1)鍩轰簬鍦伴潰鏃犵嚎鐢靛鑸郴缁熺殑浼崼鏄熼」鐩?2)涓鸿溅杈嗙郴缁熸彁渚?pnt 椤圭洰;3)涓哄崟鍏垫彁渚?pnt 椤圭洰;4)鎶楀共鎵扮殑 pnt 澶╃嚎椤圭洰銆侫-pnt 椤圭洰缁忕悊 kevin coggins鍦?017骞?鏈堣〃绀猴紝 a-pnt 椤圭洰鍙娇闄嗗啗杩涘叆鎴樹簤涓殑涓嬩竴涓鑸骇鍒紝骞跺皢瓒呰秺 gps 鐨勮兘鍔涖€?/span>

涓烘彁楂樻湭鏉ョ編闄嗗啗pnt鑳藉姏锛屾彁渚涙鍏靛拰鎴樿溅绛夋鍣ㄦ洿鍔犲彲闈犲拰绮剧‘鐨凱nt鎶€鏈紝缇庡浗闄嗗啗杩涜浜嗗椤逛妇鎺紝鐩稿簲鐨勬妧鏈彂灞曞皢鎴愪负 gps 鐨勮ˉ鍏呭拰澶囦唤銆?br/>

1銆佷吉鍗槦绯荤粺

鐢变簬 gps 淇″彿鍙兘琚弸鏂规垨鏁屾柟鐨勭數纾佷俊鍙锋垨澶╃劧闅滅闄嶇骇鎴栨嫆姝紝缇庡浗闄嗗啗甯屾湜閫氳繃浣跨敤鍦伴潰鎴栬繎鍦伴潰鏃犵嚎鐢靛彂灏勬満骞挎挱绫籊ps淇″彿锛屼互姝ゅ缓绔嬩吉鍗槦绯荤粺锛屼互鏀寔鍜屽寮篏ps淇″彿锛屾彁楂樻€佸娍鎰熺煡鑳藉姏锛屼粠鑰屾彁楂樹换鍔℃寚鎸ユ晥鐜囧拰鏁堟灉銆傚湪gps淇″彿涓害闄嶇骇鐜涓嬶紝浼崼鏄熺郴缁熸湁鍔╀簬鑾峰彇gps鍗槦淇″彿;鍦ㄤ弗閲嶉檷绾х幆澧冧笅锛屼吉鍗槦绯荤粺鍙敤浣滃畾浣嶅拰鎺堟椂婧愩€傚湪gps鍙敤鏃讹紝浼崼鏄熺郴缁熶緷闈?gps 淇″彿灏嗚幏寰楁洿涓虹簿鍑嗙殑浣嶇疆銆侀€熷害鍜屾椂闂?position velocityand time锛孭vt)淇℃伅銆傜編鍥介檰鍐涘笇鏈涗吉鍗槦绯荤粺鍏锋湁浠ヤ笅鑳藉姏:

1)鎸囨尌鍜屾帶鍒惰蒋浠跺叿鏈夊垎鏋愯兘鍔涳紝鏈夊姪浜庝吉鍗槦绯荤粺鐨勫畾浣?

2)鎸囨尌鍜屾帶鍒舵暟鎹摼鑳戒笌闄嗗啗浠诲姟鎸囨尌绯荤粺鐩稿吋瀹?

3)鍙吋瀹规姉骞叉壈 gps澶╃嚎;

4)鍏锋湁寮傚舰鍏夋潫杈撳嚭澶╃嚎;

5)鍏锋湁鍏卞舰澶╃嚎;

6)鍏锋湁鍒嗗竷寮忓瓟寰勫ぉ绾?

7)鍏峰闃茬鏀规妧鏈?

8)鍏锋湁楂樻晥鐜囥€佸揩閫熷搷搴旂殑鍔熺巼鏀惧ぇ鍣?

9)鑳藉涓哄ぉ鏂囧鑸澶囨彁渚涘鐢ㄤ綅缃簮;

10)鍙€氳繃浼崼鏄熺郴缁熷彂閫?gps宸垎鏍℃;

11)鑳戒负浼崼鏄熺郴缁熸彁渚涚簿纭巿鏃剁殑鏇夸唬鎶€鏈€?/span>

2銆佽溅杈嗗鑸郴缁?/span>

缇庡浗闄嗗啗甯屾湜杞﹁締瀵艰埅绯荤粺鍦?gps 鍙楀埌骞叉壈鎴栨嫆姝㈢幆澧冧腑锛屼緷鐒惰兘澶熶负杞﹁締鎻愪緵pnt淇℃伅锛屼互鎻愰珮鎴樺満浠诲姟鎸囨尌鍜屽喅绛栬兘鍔涖€傚叿浣撹姹傚涓?

1)杞﹁締瀵艰埅绯荤粺鐨勮璁″簲璇ユ槸鍙厤缃殑锛屼互骞宠　鍩烘湰缁勪欢鐨勬渶灏忓寲锛屼粠鑰屽钩琛＄郴缁熺殑鎬绘垚鏈紝涓庝换鍔″拰浣滄垬鍔熻兘鐩稿尮閰?

2)杞﹁締瀵艰埅绯荤粺鐨勮璁″簲鍙厑璁稿崌绾у埌 gps 鍐涚敤鐮? m 鐮?;

3)杞﹁締瀵艰埅绯荤粺搴旇楂樺害闆嗘垚锛屼娇 swap-c 鏈€灏忓寲;

4)杞﹁締瀵艰埅绯荤粺搴旇鍏煎缃戠粶鏃堕棿鍗忚(network time protocol锛孨tp)鍜岀簿纭椂闂村崗璁?precision time protocol锛孭tp)锛屽苟鑳藉鍒╃敤杞﹁締鐨勮緟鍔╀紶鎰熷櫒鎻愰珮瀵艰埅鍜屾巿鏃惰兘鍔涖€?/span>

3銆佹儻鎬у鑸?/span>

缇庡浗闄嗗啗甯屾湜鎸佺画鎺ㄨ繘鎯€у鑸妧鏈彂灞曪紝鏀硅繘鍗曞叺鍜岃溅杈嗘€佸娍鎰熺煡鑳藉姏锛屽苟鎻愰珮鎴樺満鎸囨尌瀹樼殑浠诲姟鎸囨尌鍜屽喅绛栬兘鍔涖€傞檰鍐涘笇鏈涘簲鐢ㄥ井鏈虹數绯荤粺(micro-electro-mechanical system锛孧ems)銆佹満姊般€佸厜瀛﹀拰鍘熷瓙绛夋妧鏈璁″苟寮€鍙戝嚭鏂板瀷闄€铻轰华鍜屽姞閫熻浼犳劅鍣紝浠ユ弧瓒冲崟鍏靛拰杞﹁締骞冲彴鐨?swap-c 鏈€灏忓寲鐩爣銆傛澶栵紝闄嗗啗杩樺笇鏈涘紑鍙戜紶鎰熷櫒鑷牎鍑嗐€侀€熷害鏇存柊鍜岃寖鍥磋緟鍔╃瓑鎶€鏈紝浠ヤ繚璇佸鑸殑闀挎湡鎬ц兘銆?/span>

4銆佸畾浣?/span>

缇庡浗闄嗗啗甯屾湜浣跨敤澶氱澶栭儴淇℃伅鏉ョ‘瀹氫綅缃俊鎭紝濡侴ps銆佸鍏ㄧ悆瀵艰埅鍗槦绯荤粺(multi-gnss)銆佹棤绾跨數瀵艰埅銆佸ぉ鏂囧鑸€佸湴褰㈠尮閰嶅鑸€佹満浼氫俊鍙峰鑸?navigationvia signals of opportunity锛孨avsop)鍜屾棤绾跨數澶ф皵淇″彿瀵艰埅绛夛紝浠ユ彁楂樻垬鍦轰换鍔℃寚鎸ュ拰鍐崇瓥鑳藉姏銆傞檰鍐涘笇鏈涢噸鐐圭獊鐮?

1)鍏堣繘 gps 鎺ユ敹鏈虹‖浠讹紝鍖呮嫭鏂伴鐨勫皠棰戝墠绔璁°€佷笌浼犵粺灏勯鐩稿叧鍣ㄤ笉鍚岀殑閰嶇疆鍜岃璁°€佹柊鍨嬪ぉ绾胯璁°€佽蒋浠跺畾涔?gps 鎺ユ敹鍣ㄣ€佸疄鐜?gps 淇″彿鎴?gps 瀵艰埅瑙ｅ喅鏂规鐨勫畬鏁存€х洃鎺х瓑;

2)鍏呭垎鍒╃敤 gnss淇″彿锛屽鍏佽鏍囧噯 gps 鎺ユ敹鏈鸿窡韪潪 gps 淇″彿鐨勬柟娉?濡傝蒋浠朵慨鏀?gps 鎺ユ敹鏈虹敤浜庤窡韪冀鍒╃暐瀵艰埅鍗槦淇″彿);

3)鍒╃敤鏂板叴鐨勫拰璁″垝鐨勬湭鏉ヤ俊鍙凤紝渚嬪鍗囩骇鍒癕 鐮佷俊鍙凤紝浠ュ強鍖呮嫭璺熻釜鍜岄噰闆嗙畻娉曠殑鏂板瀷鎺ユ敹鏈烘灦鏋勩€傝繖浜涚畻娉曞彲鍑忓皯棣栨瀹氫綅鏃堕棿 (time to first fix锛孴tff)鎴栨彁楂樻姉骞叉壈鑳藉姏;

4)寮€鍙戞姉骞叉壈 gps 鎴?gnss 澶╃嚎锛屼互鍙婄浉鍏虫姉骞叉壈鎶€鏈€?/span>

5銆佸鑸郴缁熻緟鍔╀紶鎰熷櫒

缇庡浗闄嗗啗甯屾湜寮€鍙戠敤浜庡崟鍏靛拰杞﹁締骞冲彴鐨勫鑸緟鍔╂妧鏈紝鍦ㄦ湁 gps淇″彿鏃讹紝閫氳繃杈呭姪浼犳劅鍣ㄦ彁楂?gps鐨勫畾浣嶇簿搴?鍦ㄦ棤 gps淇″彿鏃讹紝鑳藉淇濇寔杈冮暱涓€娈垫椂闂村唴涓?gps 鐩稿綋鐨勫畾浣嶇簿搴︺€傞檰鍐涜涓鸿繖绉嶈緟鍔╀紶鎰熷櫒搴旇鏄棤鐢电杈愬皠鐨勶紝鎴栨槸鍏锋湁灏戦噺杈愬皠鐨勶紝鎴栬緪灏勬槸鍙楁帶鐨?鍙﹀鐗╃悊纭欢鍜岃蒋浠跺簲璇ユ槸妯″潡鍖栫殑銆佹槗浜庡祵鍏ョ殑锛屼笖鏄彲璋冨彲浼樺寲鐨勶紝浠ラ€傚簲鍚勭鍐涗簨骞冲彴(濡傛鍏点€佹垬杞﹀拰鑸┖鍣?锛屼粠鑰屼繚闅滄湭鏉ョ郴缁熺殑鍗囩骇銆?鍦ㄩ檰鍐涢€氱敤鎿嶄綔鐜(common operational environment锛孋oe)涓紝绯荤粺搴旇兘澶熸甯稿伐浣滃苟閬靛惊棰勬湡鐨勪綋绯绘灦鏋勩€傞檰鍐涘浜庡啗浜嬪鑸郴缁熻緟鍔╀紶鎰熷櫒鐨勫彂灞曚富瑕佸寘鎷?

1)鍩轰簬瑙嗚鐨勫鑸郴缁熷拰鎶€鏈紝鍖呮嫭鍏堣繘鐨勮绠楁満璺熻釜銆佹槧灏勩€佺壒寰佽瘑鍒拰鎻愬彇绠楁硶锛屽厜瀛﹂暅澶存妧鏈€佺収鐩告満銆佸井鍨嬪浐鎬佹潗鏂欏強鐩稿簲璁惧绛?

2)鍩?浜?鍏?鎺?娴?鍜?娴?璺?(light detectionand ranging锛孡idar)鎴栨縺鍏夋帰娴嬪拰娴嬭窛(laser detectionand ranging锛孡adar)绯荤粺;

3)浣庡姛鑰椼€佺獎甯︾殑鏃犵嚎鐢靛皠棰戞祴璺濈郴缁燂紝浠ラ檷浣庡涓磋繎鐨勬棤绾跨數閫氫俊绯荤粺鐨勫共鎵?

4)閫熷害浼犳劅鍣ㄣ€侀€熷害妫€娴嬪櫒銆佺寮鸿鍜屽叾浠栫敤浜庡厛杩涘畾浣嶅拰瀵艰埅鎶€鏈殑鏃犳簮浼犳劅鍣?

5)缃戠粶杈呭姪瀵艰埅姒傚康鍜岀郴缁熴€?/span>

6銆佸鑸紶鎰熷櫒铻嶅悎

缇庡浗闄嗗啗甯屾湜閫氳繃澶氱瀵艰埅杈呭姪浼犳劅鍣?濡傜収鐩告満銆佺寮鸿銆佹縺鍏夋祴璺濅华绛?鐨勪俊鎭瀺鍚堬紝浠ユ彁楂樿溅杈嗗拰姝ュ叺鐨勫畾浣嶅鑸兘鍔涖€傞檰鍐涘笇鏈涘鑸紶鎰熷櫒铻嶅悎鍙戝睍涓昏鍖呮嫭浠ヤ笅鍑犱釜鏂归潰:

1)寮€鏀惧紡绯荤粺鏋舵瀯浼犳劅鍣ㄨ瀺鍚堣璁″簲璇ユ槸閫氱敤鐨勩€佺伒娲荤殑锛屼究浜庝慨鏀瑰拰瀹氬埗锛屼互婊¤冻鍚勭浠诲姟瑕佹眰锛屽苟绠€鍖栧绉嶆柊鍨嬪拰鐜版湁浼犳劅鍣ㄧ殑鎺ュ彛鍜岄泦鎴?

2)鍗虫彃鍗崇敤绯荤粺鏋舵瀯闇€瑕佹弧瓒虫爣鍑嗗寲杞欢銆佺數姘斿拰鏈烘鎺ュ彛锛屼互闄嶄綆浼犳劅鍣ㄩ泦鎴愬拰閰嶇疆澶嶆潅鎬э紝骞堕檷浣庡紑鍙戞椂闂村拰鎴愭湰;

3)鍘嬬缉鎰熺煡绠楁硶锛屼娇鐢ㄥ缓妯″拰閲囨牱绛夋妧鏈紝鏈夋晥鍦拌幏鍙栧拰澶勭悊鏈€浣充紶鎰熷櫒鏁版嵁锛屼互鎻愰珮瀹氫綅瀵艰埅绮惧害;

4)瓒呭畾浼犳劅鍣ㄦ妧鏈紝铻嶅悎鍜屼紭鍖栦紶鎰熷櫒鏁版嵁銆佸姛鑳藉拰搴旂敤锛屼互鎻愪緵椴佹鐨勩€佸噯纭殑瀵艰埅瑙ｅ喅鏂规;

5)浜哄伐鏅鸿兘锛岄€氳繃鑷€傚簲鎰熺煡鐜鍙樺寲锛屾櫤鑳藉湴铻嶅悎鍚勭浼犳劅鍣ㄦ暟鎹紝浠ュ寮轰紶鎰熷櫒铻嶅悎鑳藉姏銆?/span>

7銆佸鑸豢鐢熸妧鏈?/span>

缇庡浗闄嗗啗绯荤粺甯屾湜鑳藉鍙楀埌鐢熺墿瀛︾殑鍚彂锛屽簲鐢ㄤ豢鐢熸妧鏈潵鎻愰珮 pnt 鑳藉姏銆備富瑕佸寘鎷互涓嬪嚑涓柟闈?

1)鐮旂┒鑴婃鍔ㄧ墿鍜屾棤鑴婃鍔ㄧ墿鐗╃(濡傜铓併€佸崵铏渹銆佸€欓笩銆侀奔绫荤瓑)锛岃幏寰椾豢鐢熻繃绋嬨€佹ā鍨嬨€佺郴缁熷拰鎶€鏈紝鐢ㄤ簬搴斿澶嶆潅浠诲姟鍜岀幆澧冪殑 pnt 绯荤粺銆傞檰鍐涙劅鍏磋叮鐨勯」鐩富瑕佸寘鎷簲鐢ㄤ簬濮挎€併€佸畾鍚戝拰瀵艰埅鐨勩€佸熀浜庝豢鐢熻繃绋嬬殑鏂板瀷浼犳劅鍣紝浠ュ強搴旂敤浜嶱nt 鐨勪豢鐢熷畾鍒剁畻娉?

2)浠跨敓鎶€鏈笌浼犵粺 pnt 鍜屾潗鏂欑殑铻嶅悎;

3)閫氳繃搴旂敤鐢熺墿鍚彂绯荤粺浼樺寲 pnt 绯荤粺鐨凷wap-c銆?/span>

8銆佹巿鏃?/span>

缇庡浗闄嗗啗甯屾湜鎺ㄨ繘鍏堣繘绮剧‘鎺堟椂鏃堕挓婧愬拰鏃堕棿浼犻€掓妧鏈彂灞曪紝涓昏鍖呮嫭浠ヤ笅鍑犱釜鏂归潰:

1)寰瀷鍘熷瓙閽熴€佸師瀛愰鐜囨爣鍑嗐€佺揣瀵嗚€﹀悎鐨?gps 鎺ユ敹鏈?鏃堕挓锛岃椤逛富瑕佽€冭檻:鈶犲啗浜嬭鑼冪浉閫傚簲鐜涓嬬殑鎺堟椂绮惧害銆侀暱鏈熷拰鐭湡绋冲畾鎬э紝浠ュ強浣庣浉浣嶅櫔澹?鈶￠珮绮惧害鏃堕挓锛屼负闄嗗啗鎻愪緵鍦?gps鎷掓鐜涓嬬殑绮惧噯鎺堟椂;鈶?姝ュ叺銆佸湴闈?绌轰腑鐨勬湁浜?鏃犱汉骞冲彴鎵€娑夊強鐨凷wap-c浼樺寲;

2)淇濊瘉鎺堟椂鍑嗙‘鎬х殑鏃犵嚎鐢典紶閫佹柟寮忋€?/span>

9銆丳nt寤烘ā涓庝豢鐪?m&s)

寤烘ā涓庝豢鐪熷簲鐢ㄤ簬鎶€鏈紑鍙戠殑鍚勪釜闃舵锛岀編鍥介檰鍐涘笇鏈涚獊鐮翠互涓嬪嚑涓柟闈?

1)鏀寔鎶€鏈紑鍙戜腑鐨勮璁℃潈琛?

2)瀵圭郴缁熺粍浠躲€佺郴缁熴€佷綋绯昏繘琛屾€ц兘鍒嗘瀽;

3)鍦ㄥ悇绉嶇幆澧冧笅锛屽垎鏋愪綔鎴樹换鍔′腑 pnt 鐨勫奖鍝?

4)鏀寔浠诲姟瑙勫垝鍜屽喅绛栵紝鍚屾椂浜嗚в pnt 鍙敤鎬с€侀噸瑕佹€у拰褰卞搷;

5)搴旂敤鍩轰簬妯″瀷鐨勭郴缁熷伐绋嬪伐鍏峰拰瀹炶返鏉ユ敮鎸?pnt 鎶€鏈殑寮€鍙戙€?/span>

10銆佸鑸垬(navwar)鎶€鏈簲鐢?/span>

瀵艰埅鎴樻妧鏈槸鎸囧湪涓嶅奖鍝嶆垬鍖哄鍜屽钩浣跨敤gps/gnss瀵艰埅淇℃伅鐨勫悓鏃讹紝浣跨編鍥藉強鍏跺弸鏂硅兘澶熸湁鏁堝埄鐢?gps/gnss 瀵艰埅淇℃伅锛屽苟闃绘鏁屾柟浣跨敤gps/gnss瀵艰埅淇℃伅銆傜編鍥介檰鍐涘笇鏈涢€氳繃瀵艰埅鎴樻潵鎻愰珮鍦ㄦ垬鍦轰笂鐨勫弽浠嬪叆/鍖哄煙鎷掓(a2ad)鑳藉姏锛屼富瑕佸寘鎷互涓嬪嚑涓柟闈?

1)gps骞叉壈婧愮殑瀹炴椂妫€娴嬨€佸湴鐞嗗畾浣嶅拰鐗瑰緛鎻忚堪鎶€鏈?

2)gps鎺ユ敹鏈烘楠椼€佸共鎵板拰鏀诲嚮鐨勫疄鏃舵娴嬶紝閫氳繃浼俊鍙锋垨鑰呴噸鎾瓑鏂规硶閲嶆柊鑾峰彇浼樿壇鐨?pnt 鏁版嵁;

3)閫氳繃鍒╃敤 gps鎺ユ敹鏈哄拰/鎴栦紶鎰熷櫒闆嗘垚鏉ヨ繘琛屾€佸娍鎰熺煡;

4)鏈夐€夋嫨鍦版嫆姝㈡晫鏂逛娇鐢?pnt 淇℃伅锛屽悓鏃朵繚鎶や腑绔嬪拰鍙嬪啗鐨?pnt 淇℃伅銆?/span>

11銆佽嚜涓讳笌浜哄伐鏅鸿兘(ai)鍦≒nt涓殑搴旂敤

缇庡浗闄嗗啗璁や负鑷富鍜屼汉宸ユ櫤鑳芥妧鏈皢涓轰綔鎴樹汉鍛樻彁渚涙洿涓哄厛杩涚殑浣滄垬鑳藉姏[26-30]锛屼富瑕佸寘鎷互涓嬪嚑涓柟闈?

1)鍒╃敤浜哄伐鏅鸿兘鎶€鏈彲浠ュ寮轰紶鎰熷櫒铻嶅悎锛屾彁楂樺鐜鍙樺寲鐨勮嚜閫傚簲鑳藉姏;

2)鎻愰珮鍚勭浼犳劅鍣ㄧ殑鏅鸿兘铻嶅悎鑳藉姏;

3)鍒╃敤浜哄伐鏅鸿兘鎻愰珮澹叺鐨勬€佸娍鎰熺煡鑳藉姏;

4)鍒╃敤浜哄伐鏅鸿兘锛屼娇瀵艰埅绯荤粺浜嗚в gps鍜屽叾浠栦紶鎰熷櫒鐨勭幆澧冦€佽矾寰勫拰瀹為檯娴嬮噺缁撴灉锛屼互鏀硅繘 gps 鍜屽叾浠栦紶鎰熷櫒鐨勬€ц兘锛屾彁楂樺鑸簿搴?

5)鍒╃敤鑷富鎶€鏈彁渚涘厛杩涚殑閬块殰鑳藉姏;

6)搴旂敤鑷富鍜屼汉宸ユ櫤鑳芥妧鏈彁楂樿嚜涓诲鑸畾浣嶉€熷害;

7)搴旂敤鑷富鍜屼汉宸ユ櫤鑳芥妧鏈彁楂樹紶鎰熷櫒鐨勫疄鏃舵暟鎹鐞嗚兘鍔?

8)鍒╃敤浜哄伐鏅鸿兘鎶€鏈彁楂樺涔犲拰鑷€傚簲 pnt 鐨勮兘鍔涳紝浠ュ鎶楁晫鏂圭殑濞佽儊;

9)浜哄伐鏅鸿兘鐩稿叧绠楁硶鐨勫紑鍙戝拰搴旂敤锛屼互鎻愰珮鏁翠綋 pnt 鑳藉姏銆?/span>